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Equal Rights
Decisions Digest -- Full Subject Matter Index
[Hypertext Subj. Matter Index]
- 100 THE WISCONSIN FAIR EMPLOYMENT ACT (WFEA)
(Secs. 111.31-111.395, Stats.)
- 110 Coverage and application, generally
- 111 Purpose of the Wisconsin Fair
Employment Act
- 112 Who may file a complaint
- 112.1 Covered individuals
- 112.2 Covered employment
relationships; independent contractors
- 112.3 Standing
- 112.9 Miscellaneous
- 113 Against whom a complaint may be filed
- 113.1 Employers
- 113.2 Labor organizations
- 113.3 Licensing and employment
agencies
- 113.4 Other persons
- 113.5 Respondent's responsibility for
acts of agents
- 113.9 Miscellaneous
- 114 Geographical coverage of WFEA
- 115 Express exceptions from coverage
- 116 Exclusivity of WFEA remedy
- 117 Effect of other laws on WFEA rights and remedies
- 117.1 Title VII
- 117.2 Equal Pay Act
- 117.3 Age Discrimination in Employment
(ADEA)
- 117.4 ERISA; Labor relations laws
(NLRA, LMRA)
- 117.5 Secs. 118.195-118.20, Stats.
(Teachers)
- 117.6 Worker's Compensation Act
(Ch. 102, Stats.)
- 117.7 Federal Family and Medical Leave
Act
- 117.9 Miscellaneous
- 118 Constitutional issues
- 119 Relationship to other litigation: claim preclusion (res judicata), issue preclusion
(collateral estoppel); judicial estoppel
- 119.1 General principles
- 119.2 Title VII, ADEA, other federal
court decisions
- 119.3 State court decisions
- 119.4 Other FEP agency decisions
- 119.5 Arbitration decisions
- 119.6 Unemployment compensation
decisions
- 119.9 Miscellaneous
-
- 120-134 Prohibited bases of discrimination
- 121 Age Discrimination
- 121.1 Coverage, exceptions
- 121.11 Lower age limit; comparative
ages of employes
- 121.12 Upper age limit
- 121.13 Hazardous occupations
- 121.14 Preemption
- 121.2 Hire
- 121.3 Compensation, benefits
- 121.4 Conditions of employment
- 121.5 Termination
- 121.6 Retirement plans
- 121.7 Waivers
- 121.9 Miscellaneous
- 122 Arrest or Conviction Record Discrimination
- 122.1 Coverage, exceptions
- 122.11 General
- 122.12 Definition of
'arrest record', 'conviction record'
- 122.13
'Onalaska' rule - underlying act, rather than
arrest, as reason
- 122.19 Miscellaneous
- 122.2 The "substantial relationship" defense
- 122.21 Generally
- 122.22 Circumstances not
substantially related
- 122.23 Circumstances substantially
related
- 122.3 Other affirmative defenses
- 122.4 Bondability
- 122.5 Falsification of employment
application with respect to prior conviction
- 122.6 Remedies
- 122.9 Miscellaneous
- 123 Disability Discrimination
- 123.1 Coverage
- 123.11 Definition of disability,
generally
- 123.12 Perceived disability
- 123.13 Permanent versus temporary
conditions
- 123.14 Conditions found to be
disabilities
- 123.15 Conditions found not to be
disabilities
- 123.16 Preemption by Worker's
Compensation Act (see section 117.6)
- 123.19 Miscellaneous
- 123.2 Particular disabilities
- 123.21 Acquired immune deficiency
syndrome (AIDS)
- 123.22 Alcoholism, drug addiction
- 123.23 Back problems, lifting
restrictions
- 123.24 Epilepsy, seizure disorders
123.25 Mental impairment
- 123.26 Visual, hearing impairments
- 123.27 Other conditions
- 123.3 Complainant's burden of proof
- 123.31 Generally
- 123.32 Employer's knowledge of
disability
- 123.4 Employer's burden of proof; affirmative defenses
- 123.41 Generally
- 123.42 Inability to perform
job-related responsibilities
- 123.43 Risk of injury to employe or
others; reasonable "probability" standard
- 123.44 Risk of injury to employe or
others; lesser "possibility" standard
- 123.45 Requirement of case-by-case
evaluation
- 123.5 Employer's duty to accommodate
- 123.6 Proof of medical facts
- 123.9 Miscellaneous
- 124 National Origin and Ancestry Discrimination
- 124.1 Coverage; distinction between
national origin and ancestry
- 124.2 Harassment because of national
origin
- 124.3 Cases
- 125 Race and Color Discrimination
- 125.1 Coverage; generally
- 125.2 Hire
- 125.3 Conditions of employment,
harassment because of race
- 125.4 Promotion, compensation, terms
of employment
- 125.5 Termination
- 125.9 Miscellaneous
- 126 Creed (Religion) Discrimination
- 126.1 General coverage
- 126.2 Exception allowing religious
associations to give preference to adherents to their creed
- 126.3 Constitutional issues
- 126.4 Employer's duty to accommodate
- 126.5 Harassment because of creed
- 126.6 Cases
- 127 Sex Discrimination
- 127.1 Coverage, exceptions
- 127.11 Sex as a Bona Fide
Occupational Qualification (BFOQ)
- 127.12 Pregnancy, childbirth,
maternity leave or related medical condition
- 127.13 Claims of sex discrimination
by males
- 127.2 Hire
- 127.3 Sexual harassment
- 127.4
Harassment because of gender
- 127.5 Compensation, benefits, equal
pay
127.6 Promotion, job assignments
- 127.7 Termination
- 127.71 Termination because of sex,
generally
- 127.72 Termination because of
pregnancy, childbirth, maternity leave or related medical condition
- 127.9 Miscellaneous
- 128 Sexual Orientation Discrimination
- 129 Marital Status Discrimination
- 129.1 Coverage, Generally
- 129.2 Spousal Identity
- 129.3 Insurance coverage
- 129.4 Cases
-
- 130 Use or Non-use of Lawful Products
-
- 131 Military
Service Discrimination
- 132 Honesty Testing
- 132.1 Required procedures, nature of
permitted tests
- 132.2 Discipline or discharge based on
refusal to take test
- 132.3 Definition of "test
results"
- 132.4 Definition of
"independently obtained evidence"
- 133 Retaliation for exercise of rights under the WFEA
(s. 111.322(3))
- 133.1 Coverage
- 133.2 Standard of proof
- 133.21 Prima facie case
- 133.22 Employer knowledge of
oppositional activity
- 133.23 Establishing a causal
connection between the oppositional activity and the adverse employment action
- 133.3 Retaliation by former employer
- 133.4 Cases
- 133.9 Miscellaneous
- 134 Retaliation for attempts to enforce rights under
certain laws other than the WFEA (s. 111.322(2m))
- 134.1 Coverage
134.2 Standard of proof
- 134.3 Cases
- 134.9 Miscellaneous
- 135 Genetic Testing
- 140 Affirmative Action
- 141 Generally
- 142 Affirmative action efforts found
permissible
- 143 Affirmative action efforts found
impermissible
- 149 Miscellaneous
-
- 150 Particular Types of Adverse Employment Actions
- 151 Constructive discharge
- 152 Harassment, deprecatory employment atmosphere
- 152.1 Generally
- 152.2 Harassment because of creed
- 152.3 Harassment because of national
origin
- 152.4 Harassment because of race
- 152.5 Sexual harassment
152.6 Harassment because
of gender
- 153 Printing or making an inquiry which
expresses or implies discrimination
- 154 Failure to post notices required by
law
- 155 Use of subjective criteria in hiring
- 156 Discrimination by third parties
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- 200 WISCONSIN OPEN HOUSING and PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS Laws
- 210 Housing Discrimination (Sec. 106.50, Stats.)
- 211 Coverage, exceptions
- 212 Cases
- 212.1 Race discrimination
- 212.2 Sex discrimination; marital
status discrimination
- 212.3 Disability discrimination
- 212.4 Other discrimination
- 213 Testing
- 214 Advertisements for housing
- 215 Remedies
- 219 Miscellaneous
- 220 Discrimination in Public Accommodations or Amusements (Sec.
106.52, Stats.)
- 221 Coverage
- 222 Cases
- 223 Remedies
- 229 Miscellaneous
- 300 THE WISCONSIN FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT (FMLA) (Sec. 103.10,
Stats.)
- 310 Coverage and
application, generally
- 311 Number of employes
- 312 Length of employment
- 313 Statute of limitations
- 314 Posting requirement
- 315 Preemption issues
- 316 Miscellaneous
- 320 Definition of "serious health
condition"
- 330 Right to substitute leave
- 340 Notice to the employer
- 350 Return to equivalent position after
leave
- 360 Taking partial leave and related
issues
- 370 Remedies
- 380 Cases
- 390 Procedural
matters; judicial review
- 500 OTHER LAWS
- 510 Public Employe Safety And
Health Law (Sec. 101.055, Stats.)
- 520 Employes'
Right To Know Law (Secs. 101.58-101.599, Stats.)
- 530 Discrimination In Admission To
Post-Secondary Education (Sec. 106.56, Stats.)
- 540 Statutes Relating to Retaliation for
Reports of Abuse or Neglect
- 541 Retaliation For
Reports To Board On Aging and Long-Term Care (Sec. 16.009(5), Stats.)
- 542 Retaliation
For Reports Of Elder Abuse (Sec. 46.90(4)(b), Stats.
- 543 Retaliation For
Reports As To Residential Care Facilities (Sec. 50.07(3), Stats.)
- 544 Health Care
Worker Protection (Sec. 146.997, Stats)
- 550 State Employees
"Whistleblower" Law (Sec. 230.80-89, Stats.)
- 551 Coverage, General
- 551.1 Generally
- 551.2 Which entities are covered
- 552 Disclosure of information
- 552.1 Generally
- 552.2 Exception for disclosure likely to result in anything of
value for the employee
- 553 Processing of
Information by Governmental Unit
- 554 Retaliatory Action Prohibited
- 554.1 Generally
- 554.2
Disciplinary action
- 554.3
Presumption of retaliation
- 554.4 Cases
- 555 Procedures
- 555.1 Jurisdictional issues; timeliness of complaint
- 555.2 Remedies;
Attorney's fees and costs for frivolous claims
- 555.3
Judicial Review
- 556 Cases
- 600 PROOF - STANDARDS AND BURDENS
-
- 610 General Considerations
- 611 Complainant's ultimate burden of
proof
- 612 Burden of proof in mixed motive
cases
- 619 Miscellaneous
-
- 620 Proof of Intentional Discrimination
- 621 Direct evidence of discrimination
-
- 622 Proof of intent utilizing the McDonnell-Douglas v. Green framework
- 622.1 General considerations
- 622.2 Complainant's prima facie case
- 622.3 Respondent's burden to
articulate legitimate, non-discriminatory reasons
- 622.4 Complainant's proof of pretext
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- 630 Proof of Disparate Impact
- 631 General considerations
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- 632 Complainant's burden to show adverse impact
- 632.1 Complainant's prima facie case
- 632.2 Extent of disparity
- 632.3 Adequacy of sample size
- 633 Respondent's burden to show
job-relatedness
- 634 Complainant's burden to demonstrate
availability of alternatives with lesser adverse impact
- 635 Cases
-
- 640 Probable Cause
- 641 Definition of probable cause
- 642 Complainant's burden of proof
- 643 Credibility considerations
- 644 Cases
- 649 Miscellaneous
-
- 650 Specific Issues
- 651 Proof of medical facts
- 659 Miscellaneous
- 700 PROCEDURE
-
- 710 Complaint
-
- 711 Timeliness
- 711.1 Measurement of timeliness
- 711.2 Continuing violations
- 711.3 Tolling of time to file
complaint; equitable estoppel
- 711.4 Determinations of timeliness,
appealability
- 712 Parties, naming in complaint
- 713 Identification of issues, notice
- 714 Amendment of complaint, relation
back to original complaint
- 715 Adequacy of complaint
- 716 Appeal of preliminary determination
dismissing complaint
- 717 Effect of pre-filing release of
claims
- 719 Miscellaneous
-
- 720 Investigation
- 721 Generally
-
- 722 Appeal of no probable cause determinations
- 722.1 Filing of appeal
- 722.2 Probable cause hearing
- 730 Conciliation
-
- 740 Procedures prior to hearing
-
- 741 Notice of hearing
- 741.1 Generally
- 741.2 Identification of issues
- 742 Answer
- 743 Postponements
- 744 Pre-hearing conferences and orders
- 745 Discovery
- 746 Dismissals for failure to respond to
correspondence from the department
- 747 Prehearing disclosure of witnesses
and exhibits
-
- 748 Withdrawals and settlements
- 748.1 Withdrawal of complaint; dismissal
- 748.2 Settlement agreements; enforcement
- 749 Dismissals for
failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted
-
- 750 Role of Administrative Law Judge
- 751 Generally
- 752 Disqualification of Administrative
Law Judge
-
- 760 Procedures at Hearing
- 761 Parties' right to representation
-
- 762 Evidence
- 762.1 Generally
- 762.2 Admissibility
- 762.3 Matters found probative or
relevant
- 762.4 Official notice
- 762.5 Judicial admissions
- 762.6 Rebuttal evidence
- 763 Other procedures at hearing
- 764 Dismissal of a complaint at close of
Complainant's case
- 765 Failure to appear at hearing
- 766 Interpreters;
Translations; Party's inability to speak or read English
- 767 Presentation of evidence regarding remedy
- 769 Miscellaneous
-
- 770 Record of Hearing, Decisions and Orders
- 771 Hearing Record; Transcripts
- 772 Findings of Fact
- 773 Conclusions of Law; opinions and
decisions in general
- 774 Orders
- 775 Delay in issuance of decision
- 779 Miscellaneous
- 780 Reconsideration, rehearing
-
- 790 Appeal and review
- 791 Decisions not appealable to LIRC
- 792 Decisions appealable to LIRC
- 793 Decisions appealable to court
- 794 Procedures for review by LIRC; scope
of review
- 795 Summary of proceedings as basis for
review
- 796 Requirement that LIRC consult with
ALJ regarding credibility impressions
- 797 Judicial Review
- 799 Miscellaneous
- 800 REMEDIES; ATTORNEY'S FEES, COSTS;
FRIVOLOUS CLAIMS, DEFENSES
- 810 Burden of proof
re: remedies
- 820 Right to liability finding when no
remediable harm
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- 830 Remedies which may be provided
-
- 831 Back Pay
- 831.1 Entitlement to back pay,
generally
- 831.2 Computation of amount, generally
- 831.3 Offsets from back pay
-
- 831.4 Events limiting back pay liability
- 831.41 Unconditional offer of
reinstatement
- 831.42 Accepting comparable job at
same or higher pay
- 831.43 Quitting
or being fired from comparable job
- 831.44 Unavailability for work
- 831.45 Showing that job would have
ended anyway
- 831.46 After-acquired evidence
- 831.5 Limitation to two years prior to
filing of complaint
- 831.6 Respondent's obligation to pay,
exceptions and limitations
- 831.9 Miscellaneous
- 832 Front pay
- 833 Reinstatement; hire
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- 834 Other remedial orders
- 834.1 Remedies for insurance benefit
denial
- 834.2 Remedies for loss of seniority
- 834.3 Remedies for loss of fringe
benefits
- 834.4 Remedies for emotional harm
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- 834.5 Miscellaneous remedial orders
- 834.51 Clearing file, neutral
references
- 834.52 Posting order, notices
- 834.53 Counseling or discipline of
offending supervisor
- 834.59 Miscellaneous
- 835 Interest on award
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- 836 Attorney fees, costs
- 836.1 Complainant's right to attorney fees and costs
- 836.11 Generally
- 836.12 What
is 'prevailing'; partial success
- 836.13
Pro se
complainants
- 836.14
Complainant's personal costs
- 836.15
Right to fees where legal services were not charged for
- 836.16 Right
to fees and costs from the State
- 836.17
Proceedings on appeal
- 836.2
Respondent's right to attorney fees and costs from
complainant
- 836.3 Procedures
used in determining fees
- 836.4 Amount of fees
- 836.41 Generally
- 836.42 Amount of time expended
- 836.43 Hourly rate
- 836.44 Multipliers,
"lodestar" enhancement
- 836.45 Partial success
- 836.46 Interest on fee award
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- 840 Remedies in particular types of cases
- 841 Refusal to hire
- 842Termination of employment
- 843 Suspension
- 844 Pregnancy discrimination
845 Discriminatory compensation
- 849 Miscellaneous
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- 850 Duty to mitigate damages
- 851 Generally, burdens and proof
- 852 Cases
-
- 860 Frivolous claims, right to attorney's
fees and costs for
- 861 ALJ authority to
find claim or defense frivolous (227.483,
Stats.) (no cases)
- 862 Court authority
to find claim or defense frivolous (802.05, Stats., former 814.025
Stats.)
- 863 LIRC authority
to find claim or defense frivolous
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